Video and Sound Production : Exercises

01.04.2022 -  ( Week 1 - Week 14 )

Michelle Angeline Gunawan / 0349760 / Bachelor of Design in Creative Media
Video and Sound Production
Exercises

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LECTURES

Framing & Storyboard

• Earliest Cinema
  Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat (The Lumière Brothers, 1896). Audiences’ reaction: the film undoubtedly astonished people unaccustomed to the illusion created by moving images.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.1 Arrival of a Train at La Ciotat
  
  

  When the motion picture camera was invented; the shots were simple and straightforward. The filmmakers turned to dramatic presentations they called filmed plays (the camera is positioned as if it were a member of the audience seated in theatre).
  
  L’Arroseur Arrosé or The Sprinkler Sprinkled is a silent comedy film from 1895,  produced and directed by the Lumière brothers.
  
  

  
  Figure 1.2 L’Arroseur Arrosé or The Sprinkler Sprinkled (1895)

  
  
• Cinematography
• Motion picture/Film/Video is made up of many shots. 
• Each shot requires placing the camera in the best position for that particular moment in the narrative. 
• The shot is a continuous view shot by one camera without interruption. 
• Sequence is a series of scenes, or shots, complete in itself. 
• Scene defines the place or setting where the action is laid. 
• A scene may consist of series of shots or sequences depicting a continuous event.
  
  
• Shot Size
  The shot size determines how large the area that’s visible within the frame. 
• Extreme wide shot
• Wide shot
  A wide shot includes the entire subject and important objects in the immediate surroundings.
  
  
  Figure 1.3 Wide Shot
  
  
• Medium wide shot 
• Medium shot
  A medium shot shows the subject that are important to understanding - Gesture and expression, from the person waist up, letting hands and the lower half of his body fall outside the frame.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.4 Medium Shot
  
  
• Medium close-up shot
  Medium close-up films subject characters from approximately midway between waist and shoulders to above the head.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.5 Medium Close-up Shot
  
  
• Close-up shot
  A close-up is used to isolate the most important part of the subject. For a speaker, this is generally the head, or small object. It emphasizes facial expression, details of a object.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.6 Close-up Shot
  
  
• Extreme close-up shot 
  An extreme close-up single out a portion of the face magnifies a detail. The object is to focus on important detail either to increase the drama or impact on a situation or to allow the viewer to see necessary picture information more clearly.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.7 Extreme Close-up Shot
  
  
• Camera Angle
  Composition: Rule of thirds divides the frame into thirds both horizontally and vertically.
  
  
  
  Figure 1.8 Rule of Thirds
  

  
  These are the examples of the rule of thirds composition.
  
  
  

  Figure 1.9 Examples Rule of Thirds
  
  
  Composition: Subject angle. Facial modelling is best when subject is turned 45º (¾ angling) to the camera. Front and side of the face, if properly lighted will appear round and eyes are displayed fully. 
  
  Camera Angle: Subject Height. Camera height is as important as camera distance and angle but often disregarded.
  
  

  
  Figure 1.10 Subject Height Camera Angle
  
  

  Subject Height: 
  - Eye-level: films from the eye level of an observer of average height or from the subject’s eye level.
  
  

  
  Figure 1.11 Eye-level Camera Angle
  
  

  - Low angle: any shot in which the camera is tilted upward to view the subject. Low angle shot can make a character look bigger, stronger, or more noble.
  
  

  
  Figure 1.12 Low Angle Camera Angle

  
  - High-angle: any shot in which the camera is tilted downward to view the subject. A high-angle shot can make a character look smaller, younger, weak, confused, or more childlike.
  
  

  
  Figure 1.13 High Angle Camera Angle
  
  
• Screen Direction
• Dynamic Screen Direction: Constant screen travel depicts subject motion in one direction only. 
  
  
  
  Figure 1.14 Screen Direction
  
  
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  Figure 1.15 Example Dynamic Screen Direction
  
  
• Static Screen Direction: When planning shots with two characters, you need to understand the camera movement in relation to the 180º rule. The rule enforces the camera to stay on a horizontal axis and not cross-sections so that it will disorient the viewer. The horizontal axis is called the “ Line of Action”
  
  
  
  Figure 1.16 Static Screen Direction
  
  
• 180º Degree Rule: If Camera 2 and Camera 4 are used, the audience crosses the line of action. It's disorienting and confusing.
  
  
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INSTRUCTIONS

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EXERCISES

Week 1 - Editing Exercise

So in the first week, Mr. Martin showed us how to edit and compile video in Adobe Premiere Pro. Firstly, he showed us the Mints' video and then he asked us to try the Doritos' one, but it is not in the correct order, so we need to arrange them into the correct order.

Figure 2.1 Mints Video


Figure 2.2 Doritos Video

Week 3 - Act Structure Breakdown Exercise
Mr. Martin showed us 3 videos; Lalin, Guang and Burrow. Then he asked us to breakdown the 3-act structure.

Figure 2.3 Video Reviewing 1: Lalin

Figure 2.4 Video Reviewing 2: Guang

Figure 2.5 Video Reviewing 3: Burrow

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REFLECTIONS

Learning storyboards and the 3-act structure makes it easier for me to put more attention in watching a video. The exercise given when we have to compose and edit video clips that are given in random order is a very interesting exercise. We also watched short videos in class together and it was an interesting experience. Mr. Martin shared additional points for those who could answer the given question.